隨著人們生活(huo)水(shui)平、環保意識的提高以及(ji)對(dui)健康的關注，在給(gei)排水(shui)領域掀起了一場(chang)建材行業的綠(lv)色(se)革命。據(ju)大量水(shui)質監測數據(ju)表明：采用(yong)冷(leng)鍍鋅(xin)鋼管后，一般使用(yong)壽命不(bu)到5年(nian)就銹(xiu)蝕，鐵腥味嚴重。居民紛紛向政府部門投(tou)訴，造成一種(zhong)社會問題。塑(su)料管材與傳統(tong)金屬管道(dao)相比，具有自重輕(qing)、耐腐蝕、耐壓強度(du)高、衛生安(an)全、水(shui)流阻力(li)小、節約能源、節省金屬、改(gai)善(shan)生活(huo)環境、使用(yong)壽命長、安(an)裝(zhuang)方便等特(te)點，受(shou)到了管道(dao)工(gong)程界的青(qing)睞并占據(ju)了相當(dang)重要的位置，形(xing)成一種(zhong)勢不(bu)可當(dang)的發展趨勢。

塑料管(guan)特(te)點(dian)及應用

﹝一﹞聚丙烯管（PPR）

（1）在(zai)現在(zai)建筑安裝工程中，采暖和(he)給水(shui)用的(de)大多是PPR管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)材(cai)（件）。其優(you)點是安裝方(fang)便快捷、經(jing)濟(ji)適用環保、重量輕、衛生無(wu)毒(du)、耐(nai)熱性好、耐(nai)腐(fu)蝕(shi)、保溫性能好、壽命(ming)長等優(you)點。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)徑比公(gong)稱直徑大一號(hao),管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)徑具體分為(wei)(wei)DN20、DN25、DN32、DN40、DN50、DN63、DN75、DN90、DN110.管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件種類繁(fan)多三通(tong)、彎頭、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)箍、變徑、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)堵、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)卡、支架(jia)、吊架(jia)。分冷(leng)熱水(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，冷(leng)水(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)為(wei)(wei)帶綠色條(tiao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，熱水(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)為(wei)(wei)帶紅色條(tiao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。閥(fa)門有PPR的(de)球閥(fa)、截止閥(fa)、蝶(die)閥(fa)、閘閥(fa)、有外為(wei)(wei)PPR材(cai)料內為(wei)(wei)銅芯的(de)。

（2）管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道的(de)(de)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)方(fang)式有焊(han)接(jie)(jie)、熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)熔(rong)(rong)和(he)螺紋連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)等(deng)方(fang)式。PPR管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)用(yong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)熔(rong)(rong)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)最(zui)為可(ke)(ke)靠，操作(zuo)方(fang)便，氣密性(xing)好(hao)(hao)，接(jie)(jie)口(kou)強度(du)(du)(du)(du)高。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)采(cai)用(yong)手持(chi)式熔(rong)(rong)接(jie)(jie)器進行熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)熔(rong)(rong)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)。連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)前，應先清除管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道及附件(jian)(jian)(jian)上(shang)的(de)(de)灰塵及異物。當機器紅燈(deng)亮起并穩定后，對(dui)準(zhun)要連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道（件(jian)(jian)(jian)）DN〈50熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)熔(rong)(rong)深(shen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)為1-2MM，DN〈110熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)熔(rong)(rong)深(shen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)為2-4MM.連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，無(wu)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)地把管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)端插入(ru)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)套(tao)(tao)內(nei)(nei)，達(da)到(dao)預定深(shen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)。同時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，無(wu)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)地把管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)推到(dao)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)頭(tou)上(shang)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)，達(da)到(dao)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間后，立即把管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)與(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)從(cong)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)套(tao)(tao)與(yu)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)頭(tou)上(shang)同時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)取下，迅(xun)速無(wu)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)地、均勻用(yong)力(li)(li)插入(ru)到(dao)所要求的(de)(de)深(shen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)，使(shi)接(jie)(jie)頭(tou)處形成均勻凸緣。在(zai)規定的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間內(nei)(nei)，剛熔(rong)(rong)接(jie)(jie)好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)接(jie)(jie)頭(tou)還可(ke)(ke)進行校正(zheng)，但(dan)嚴禁(jin)(jin)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)材和(he)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，應防(fang)止加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)過(guo)度(du)(du)(du)(du)，使(shi)厚度(du)(du)(du)(du)變薄。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)材在(zai)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)配(pei)件(jian)(jian)(jian)內(nei)(nei)變形。在(zai)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)熔(rong)(rong)插管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)和(he)校正(zheng)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，嚴禁(jin)(jin)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)。操作(zuo)現(xian)場不得有明火，嚴禁(jin)(jin)對(dui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)材用(yong)明火烘彎。將加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)后的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)材和(he)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)垂直對(dui)準(zhun)推進時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)力(li)(li)要輕，防(fang)止彎頭(tou)彎曲(qu)。連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)完畢，必須緊(jin)握管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)與(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)保持(chi)足夠的(de)(de)冷卻(que)(que)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間，冷卻(que)(que)到(dao)一定程度(du)(du)(du)(du)后方(fang)可(ke)(ke)松手。當PP-R管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)與(yu)金屬(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，應采(cai)用(yong)帶金屬(shu)嵌(qian)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)PP-R管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)作(zuo)為過(guo)渡，該管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)與(yu)PP-R管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)采(cai)用(yong)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)熔(rong)(rong)承插方(fang)式連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)，與(yu)金屬(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)或衛生潔(jie)具的(de)(de)五金配(pei)件(jian)(jian)(jian)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，采(cai)用(yong)螺紋連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)，宜以(yi)聚丙乙烯生料帶作(zuo)為密封(feng)填(tian)充物。如(ru)拖布池上(shang)接(jie)(jie)水龍頭(tou)，就在(zai)其(qi)上(shang)PPR管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)末端安裝內(nei)(nei)牙彎頭(tou)（內(nei)(nei)有螺紋）。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道安裝過(guo)程中，不得用(yong)力(li)(li)過(guo)猛，以(yi)免損傷(shang)絲扣配(pei)件(jian)(jian)(jian)，造成連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)處滲漏。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)材切(qie)(qie)割(ge)也(ye)可(ke)(ke)采(cai)用(yong)專用(yong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)剪(jian)切(qie)(qie)斷(duan)：管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)剪(jian)刀片卡口(kou)應調整(zheng)到(dao)與(yu)所切(qie)(qie)割(ge)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)徑相符，旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)切(qie)(qie)斷(duan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)應均勻加(jia)(jia)力(li)(li)，切(qie)(qie)斷(duan)后，斷(duan)口(kou)應用(yong)配(pei)套(tao)(tao)整(zheng)圓器整(zheng)圓。斷(duan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，斷(duan)面應同管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)軸線垂直、無(wu)毛刺。

﹝二(er)﹞硬聚氯乙烯(xi)管（UPVC）

（1）排水用的是UPVC管材(cai)（件(jian)）。由(you)于(yu)其具有重量(liang)輕、耐腐蝕、強度較高等優點，因而在管道安裝中廣泛應用。正常情況下(xia)，使用壽命一般可達(da)30～50年。UPVC管材(cai)內壁(bi)光滑(hua)，流體摩擦阻力小，克服了鑄(zhu)鐵管因生銹、結垢而影響流量(liang)的缺陷。管徑也(ye)比公稱直徑大一號。管件(jian)分為(wei)斜三通、四(si)通、彎頭、管箍(gu)、變(bian)徑、管堵、存水彎、管卡、吊架(jia)。

（2）連接(jie)(jie)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)排水(shui)(shui)膠(jiao)(jiao)膠(jiao)(jiao)接(jie)(jie)。粘接(jie)(jie)劑(ji)(ji)使用(yong)(yong)前必須(xu)(xu)搖勻。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)和承(cheng)(cheng)插(cha)口(kou)(kou)部位(wei)必須(xu)(xu)清理(li)干(gan)(gan)(gan)凈，承(cheng)(cheng)插(cha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)間隙越小越好(hao)(hao)用(yong)(yong)砂布(bu)或(huo)鋸條把結合面(mian)(mian)打(da)毛，承(cheng)(cheng)口(kou)(kou)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)較薄(bo)地均勻刷一(yi)遍膠(jiao)(jiao)，插(cha)口(kou)(kou)部位(wei)外(wai)刷兩次膠(jiao)(jiao)，待(dai)(dai)膠(jiao)(jiao)干(gan)(gan)(gan)40～60s后(hou)(hou)插(cha)入(ru)到位(wei)，同時應注意根據(ju)氣(qi)候變(bian)化適當增減(jian)膠(jiao)(jiao)干(gan)(gan)(gan)時間。粘接(jie)(jie)時嚴禁沾水(shui)(shui)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)到位(wei)后(hou)(hou)必須(xu)(xu)平(ping)放(fang)在(zai)溝內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)，待(dai)(dai)接(jie)(jie)頭干(gan)(gan)(gan)后(hou)(hou)24h開始回(hui)(hui)填(tian)，回(hui)(hui)填(tian)時用(yong)(yong)沙(sha)土將(jiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)四(si)周填(tian)緊，留出接(jie)(jie)頭部位(wei)再進行大(da)批(pi)回(hui)(hui)填(tian)。要用(yong)(yong)同一(yi)廠家的(de)(de)(de)(de)產品(pin)。UPVC管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)與鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)套接(jie)(jie)時，必須(xu)(xu)將(jiang)鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)連接(jie)(jie)處(chu)(chu)擦凈涂(tu)膠(jiao)(jiao)，將(jiang)UPVC管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)加(jia)熱(re)變(bian)軟（但不得燒焦(jiao)）后(hou)(hou)承(cheng)(cheng)插(cha)在(zai)鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)上并(bing)降溫處(chu)(chu)理(li)，如(ru)加(jia)上管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)箍會更(geng)好(hao)(hao)。對管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)材(cai)大(da)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)損壞的(de)(de)(de)(de)需更(geng)換整段管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)材(cai)，可采用(yong)(yong)雙承(cheng)(cheng)口(kou)(kou)連接(jie)(jie)件(jian)更(geng)換管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)材(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)辦法(fa)。對溶(rong)劑(ji)(ji)粘接(jie)(jie)處(chu)(chu)滲(shen)漏(lou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)處(chu)(chu)理(li)，可采用(yong)(yong)溶(rong)劑(ji)(ji)法(fa)。此(ci)時先排干(gan)(gan)(gan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)，并(bing)使管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)形成(cheng)負(fu)(fu)壓，然后(hou)(hou)將(jiang)粘接(jie)(jie)劑(ji)(ji)注在(zai)滲(shen)漏(lou)部位(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)孔(kong)隙上。由于管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)呈負(fu)(fu)壓，粘接(jie)(jie)劑(ji)(ji)會吸(xi)入(ru)孔(kong)隙中(zhong)而達到止漏(lou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。套補(bu)粘接(jie)(jie)法(fa)主要是針對管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)穿(chuan)小孔(kong)和接(jie)(jie)頭的(de)(de)(de)(de)滲(shen)漏(lou)。此(ci)時選用(yong)(yong)長15～20cm的(de)(de)(de)(de)同一(yi)口(kou)(kou)徑管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)材(cai)，將(jiang)其縱向剖開，按粘接(jie)(jie)接(jie)(jie)頭的(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法(fa)將(jiang)套管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)面(mian)(mian)和被(bei)補(bu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)材(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)外(wai)表面(mian)(mian)打(da)毛，涂(tu)膠(jiao)(jiao)后(hou)(hou)套在(zai)漏(lou)水(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)貼緊。玻(bo)璃纖維法(fa)是用(yong)(yong)環氧樹(shu)脂加(jia)固(gu)化劑(ji)(ji)配成(cheng)樹(shu)脂溶(rong)液，用(yong)(yong)玻(bo)璃纖維布(bu)浸(jin)漬樹(shu)脂溶(rong)液后(hou)(hou)，均勻纏繞在(zai)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)或(huo)接(jie)(jie)頭滲(shen)漏(lou)處(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)表面(mian)(mian)，經(jing)固(gu)化后(hou)(hou)成(cheng)為玻(bo)璃鋼。由于該方(fang)法(fa)施工(gong)簡單、技術易掌握(wo)、堵漏(lou)效果好(hao)(hao)且(qie)成(cheng)本低，在(zai)防滲(shen)補(bu)漏(lou)中(zhong)具有很高的(de)(de)(de)(de)推廣(guang)使用(yong)(yong)價(jia)值。